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Category: Online platforms

Technological Changes Since the 1990s Have Changed the Landscape in which Section 512 Operates

The technology that allows copyright owners to distribute content directly to consumers’ living rooms via streaming services also enables new forms of piracy: streaming of unlicensed content and stream-ripping – that is, using software to make an unlicensed copy of streamed content that would otherwise be licensed.

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Anna Záborská’s amendments to proposed regulation on online intermediation services

Online intermediary services and online search engines play a crucial role in enabling and promoting digital trade. In order to strengthen the trust of business users and consumers and encourage them to take part in the vast digital ecosystems created by online platforms, it is necessary to set minimum standards for their services.

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Research on illegal IPTV in EU – enforcement measures

Key points:

  • Rights holders can avail of civil enforcement measures against both direct infringers and intermediaries.
  • A wide spectrum of blocking injunctions can be sought against internet access providers to repress IPTV infringements.
  • Internet intermediaries can receive orders to disclose information on infringers; however, disclosure of information on end-users of illegal IPTV services may not be compatible with EU data protection law.
  • Criminal measures are also available in all EU Member States against IPTV infringers on a commercial scale.
  • Import and sale of IPTV devices may be prohibited on the ground of non-compliance with EU standards on radio equipment.

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Section 512 report – general overview of section 512

Secondary Liability

Secondary liability doctrines enable copyright owners to bring claims against third parties that have some relationship to persons who themselves commit infringement (i.e., “direct” infringers). As the Supreme Court has noted, “although ‘the Copyright Act does not expressly render anyone liable for infringement committed by another,’ these doctrines of secondary liability emerged from common law principles and are well established in the law.”

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“Simple measures” to avoid contributory copyright infringement

Whether a data-center service provider has taken adequate “simple measures” to avoid contributory copyright infringement if it forwarded notices of such infringement to the hosting website – and every alleged infringed material was taken down.

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The paparazzi images are further from the core of copyright protections than creative or fictional works would be

Rebecca Fay Walsh is a Brooklyn-based professional photographer who licenses her photographs to online and print media for a fee. Townsquare Media is a Delaware-incorporated business that owns and operates an online website called XXL Mag (“XXL”).

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A copyright owner, who permits a licensee to grant sublicenses, cannot bring an infringement suit against a sublicensee

Stephanie Sinclair, a professional photographer, has brought copyright infringement lawsuit against Mashable and its parent company Ziff Davis, alleging infringement of copyright when Mashable posted one of her copyrighted photographs on its website. She maintains publicly- searchable website to showcase her photographs to potential customers and also maintains an account on Instagram. She has posted one of her photograph to her Instagram account viewable by anyone.

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EU illegal IPTV research – The protection of broadcast content

Reproduction right and the exception for temporary acts of reproduction

Linear transmission of TV content involves the reproduction of fragments of broadcast at various stages of the technical process. These fragments are temporarily stored in the decoder or in the RAM memory of the computer, depending on the technical means used to transmit the signal, and are created in the end user’s TV screen while watching the broadcast.

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EU illegal IPTV research – broadcasters’ copyright

Key Points

  • Broadcasters’ rights cover on-demand streaming but not necessarily live internet streaming.
  • Only seven Member States explicitly recognise broadcaster’s rights in live internet streaming: Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, Romania, Sweden and the UK.

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Mass media fined for posts in folk language and SIM card inventory

In different parts of Russia there are still living indigenous people. They have their own language, traditions and culture. Not so many people can talk their language, not because it is non-official language in Russia, but because this language is unique and is not commonly widespread.

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